Case studies
NAND Memory Protocols: The Difference Between SDR and DDR
Everyone who works in NAND data recovery knows that reading NAND requires using a protocol. The most popular protocols are Async and WL. Almost all protocols have two versions: SDR and DDR. 1. Protocols in reader configuration What is SDR and DDR and ...
Block Rotation element for Phison and Sandisk devices
The VNR has a user-friendly Block Rotation element, in almost all Phison and Sandisk cases that have rotation inside blocks. It is a simple way to reverse it. To make an element even easier to use, we will explain how to determine what kind of ...
SSD WD Green with SanDisk controller Automatic Solution - How to Get Data Faster
SSD drives use the same NAND memory as USB drives or Memory cards. So VNR could be used for data recovery from that storages too. We have found the solution for a few WD Green SSD disks with SanDisk controllers. The solution for SSD with a capacity ...
VNR File Assembler
NAND controllers write data to memory chips by logical blocks in mixed order. Therefore, recovering files from such mixed dumps would fail as files may begin in one block and continue in another that is located somewhere else, not necessarily after. ...
Asymmetric Multi-Plane page allocation
Standard Multi-Plane page allocation To understand how the asymmetric multi-plane page allocation works it is necessary to know how the standard one works. This is an important topic because many devices are using it, and almost all of them are ...
Silicon Motion(SM) controllers - Data recovery
We can find plenty of NAND controllers on the market and without any doubt one of the most popular is SiliconMotion. These controllers found their use in all kinds of flash devices, starting from USB flash drives, SD cards, monolithic devices, and ...
Phison - Double block rotation and SLC block management
The solution step by step It’s been many years since the first NAND controllers were released on the market. Many technological aspects of flash devices have changed since that time, but one thing is certain, along with the multiplied capacity, the ...
Alcor Micro(AU) controllers - Peculiarities of data recovery
Alcor Micro (AU) controllers are found in all sorts of devices such as microSD cards, USB flash drives, SD cards of any package, and especially monolithic devices. They are very popular in cheap, refurbished, and fake devices as well. Recent models ...