Data recovery steps
Multi Plane Page Allocation
The base element of a NAND memory chip is a crystal and each crystal consist of several physical components: there are peripheral devices which provide I/O operation, page decoding and overall communication between NAND crystal and memory controller. ...
NAND Bad Columns analysis and removal
Every crystal of modern NAND chip consists of several planes. Typically, it consists of 2 or 4 planes. The plane consists of an array of memory cells grouped into pages and blocks. Planes are connected so that Plane 0 is composed of even physical ...
Banks
Banks The BANK is a logical unit of NAND memory space. When NAND memory has quite big amount of blocks (physically), but controller wants to reduce addresses it divides all available blocks into groups (banks). For instance, if NAND memory chip has ...
Page structure analysis
The user’s data is written into NAND memory page by page. The page size is a physical constant parameter of particular memory chip that can’t be changed (usually ~0.5-16kb). The user’s data is usually sliced into small chunks (512;1024;2048 bytes) ...